i've done raised beds, even sometimes when the soil was fine, lol.....
if you make your own mix of soil, compost and other organic nutrients, you won't need to use chemical fertilizers if you don't want to. most all soil needs to be amended in some way, but there are lots of organic ways to do it. there's lots of good advice available on the boards at gardenweb.com. just check out the posts, and if you don't find the info you need, ask questions. there are tons of very helpful people there, and likely even some who have gardening experience in your geographical area.
good luck, mama. we can't garden where we're living right now, and i'm very disappointed

so i'm living vicariously through other people's gardening, lol